Sunday, 26 February 2017

What does IP address stand for?

What does IP address stand for?
Before we go through the types of IP addresses, let’s look at what does IP address stand for; IP address stands for Inter­net Pro­to­col address. An IP address is an address used to iden­tify any device con­nected to the net­work and the inter­net using TCP/IP, these devices can be com­put­ers, smart­phones, tablets, routers, etc. For instance, the num­ber “69.72.169.241″ is an exam­ple of an IP address. These addresses allow data to reach to the pre­ferred des­ti­na­tion on a net­work and the Internet.

IP address format:
In this arti­cle we will focus on IPv4 since it is widely used, we will talk about IPv6 in a dif­fer­ent arti­cle to avoid con­fu­sion. So an IPv4 address con­sists of 32 bits rep­re­sented by four num­bers sep­a­rated by peri­ods. Each num­ber can be a num­ber between zero and 255. For exam­ple, 1.160.10.240 is an exam­ple of an IPv4 address.
When con­struct­ing a net­work, IP addresses can be assigned ran­domly pro­vided that each IP address is a unique address, this unique­ness is essen­tial to avoid send­ing data to mul­ti­ple des­ti­na­tions or to the wrong destination.
An IP address can be a sta­tic or a dynamic IP address. A sta­tic IP address is a per­ma­nent Inter­net address and will never change. A dynamic IP address changes every time a device con­nects to the inter­net, so a dynamic address is con­sid­ered a tem­po­rary address.

IPv4 Classes:
Types of IPv4 addresses can be cat­e­go­rized into five classes namely: Class A, Class B, Class C, Class D and Class E. Class A, B and C are com­monly used for devices to con­nect to the inter­net. Each class pro­vides a range of IP addresses and the fol­low­ing are the classes:

IPClassIP Address RangeNo. of hosts and net­works each Class provides
Class A1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254Sup­ports 16.7 mil­lion hosts on each of 126 networks.
Class B128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254Sup­ports 65,534 hosts on each of 16,382 networks.
Class C192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254Sup­ports 254 hosts on each of 2 mil­lion networks.
Class D224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255Reserved for mul­ti­cast groups.
Class E240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254Reserved for future use, or Research and Devel­op­ment Purposes.

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